Anti-Displacement

A priority to prevent displacement is cited in multiple places in Charlottesville's comprehensive plan and is also explicitly stated as a consideration for special use permitting in the city code.

---

See Sec. 34-157(a)(4)c. for specific ordinances

Charlottesville's Comprehensive Plan:
Vision Statement of Housing Chapter

Toolkit:
Developing an Anti-Displacement Strategy

Aging In Place

This is cited in the comprehensive plan as a consideration for the new zoning reform in Charlottesville:

Ensure that the forthcoming zoning rewrite supports a wide range of housing typologies, including both rental and homeownership opportunities at a variety of scales, including for families, aging in place, and multigenerational living.

Charlottesville also has the Design for Life C'ville program , which offers partial permit fee refunds that can be paired with the Virginia Livable Tax Credit from DHCD to add incentives to building/renovating homes with Universal Design standards in mind.

---

Charlottesville's Comprehensive Plan:
Strategy 2.1

Community Resources:
JABA
IKOR
Alliance for Interfaith Ministries (AIM)
Livable Home Tax Credit - DHCD
Visiting Angels
List of Additional Community Resources for Seniors

Charlottesville Chamber of Commerce - Business Network

Additional Resources:
HUD's Aging in Place Blog Post

National Association of Home Builders 'What is Universal Design?'

Aging in Place strategies from Boston, MA; Burlington, VT; and Guilford County, NC

Rental Assistance

Charlottesville Supplemental Rental Assistance Program (CSRAP) "is a transitional, monthly housing assistance program administered by CRHA and funded by the City of Charlottesville."

In the Subsidy Programs section of the comprehensive plan, Charlottesville has goals to expand CSRAP (strategy 7.5) and create emergency rental assistance to help prevent evictions (strategy 7.6).

There is an additional rental relief program in the city's ordinances for elderly/disabled residents.

See Sec. 25-56 for specific ordinances, eligibility and calculations.

---

City Site:
Charlottesvilles's Rental Relief page

Charlottesville's Comprehensive Plan:
Strategies 7.5 & 7.6

Community Resources:
CSRAP

Real Estate Tax Exemption

Charlottesville provides a "real estate tax exemptions for qualified property owners who are not less than sixty-five (65) years of age or permanently and totally disabled and who are otherwise eligible."
See Sec. 30-96. for specific ordinances

---

Policy Brief:
Property Tax Relief

Property Tax Reduction

There are currently no tax reduction policies in place for affordable housing development.

---

Policy Brief:
Tax Exemption

Fee Waiver

There are currently fee reductions for both water facility fees and sewer connection fees for affordable housing development.

See Sec. 31-102 for Water and Sec. 31-106 for Sewer for specific ordinances.

---

Policy Brief:
Fee Waiver

Parking Reduction/Waiver

Parking minimums are no longer required in Charlottesville's new zoning code for most development.
Developments over 50,000 square feet will require a Traffic Demand Management (TDM) plan. This plan may require parking, but other alternatives will be considered.

See 4.5.4. Vehicle Parking for new parking ordinance.

---

Policy Brief:
Parking Waiver

Fast Track Review

There are currently no fast-track review policies in place for affordable housing development.

---

Toolkit:
Miami Housing Solutions Lab Expedited Process
San Diego 'Fast Tract Your Permit'

Policy Brief:
Fast-Track Review

Density Bonus

There is a height/story bonus that allows additional height in some district in exchange for a lower level of affordability (the number of affordable units is the same, but the AMI get lowered).
There is a bonus in the residential districts that is prescriptive based on unit count that requires affordability, and must provide 100% of all bonus units to households having a gross annual income at or below 80% AMI. These bonus affordable dwelling units are income-restricted for 30 years and deed restrictions for these units must be recorded in the Charlottesville Land Records.

Under the new zoning code there is an inclusionary requirement for affordable housing - see Affordable Dwelling Units under Zoning strategies

See 4.2.2.C.3. Unit Bonus in Residential Districts Standards and 4.2.2.C.4. Height Bonus in All Other Districts Standards for specific ordinances.

---

Policy Brief:
Density Bonus

Accessory Dwelling Units

There are no specific ordinances for Accessory Dwelling Units under the new zoning ordinance effective Feb. 2024, since most lots can have two units at minimum, by right.
Sublots are also permitted in the residential districts, with the possibility of an Accessory Dwelling Unit being able to be sold fee simple.

**It is important to note that the maximum number of units allowed for one lot are tied to the parent lot, not sublot.**

See 2.2.1. Summary of Districts for specific ordinances

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Additional Resources:
Virginia Housing Commission Accessory Dwelling Units - Introductory Brief

ADU Aid Programs Across the Country (Case Studies)

Policy Brief:
What are Accessory Dwelling Units

Infill

In the new zoning code, effective Feb. 2024, Charlottesville refers to allowances specifically in the terms of units, rather than building type. This allows for a wider range of interpretation and innovation in housing types (assuming they align with building standards and zoning ordinances for the zoning district).

See Permitted Use Table for specific ordinances

---

Additional Resources:
What is Infill?

Gentle Infill by Lincoln Institute of Land Policy provides policy strategies and case studies.

Missing Middle Housing by Opticos contains information on different housing types with ideal specifications and case studies.

A note on PUDs: Planned Unit Developments (PUDs) are commonly regarded as zoning overlays that offer flexibility in standards to stimulate development in specific municipal areas. While PUDs typically allow for mixed-use developments, higher-density housing, and efficient land use, this consideration of infill policy primarily centers on higher-density housing types such as attached dwellings (townhomes), duplexes, triplexes, multifamily units, and bungalow courts.

Short-Term Rentals

Short-term rentals (AKA 'Homestays') must be owner occupied in Charlottesville and are subject to permit approval. There are no more than 6 guests allowed per day.

See Zoning Code on Homestays for specific ordinances

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Toolkit:
Short-Term Rental Regulations: A Guide for Local Government by National League of Cities

Policy Brief:
Regulating Short-Term Rentals

Affordable Dwelling Units

There is now an inclusionary requirement for Affordable Dwelling Units. When a developer wants to put in more than 9 units, they must make 10% affordable to households at or below 60% AMI (this does not apply to residential districts).

These required affordable dwelling units must be income-restricted for 99 years.

See 4.2.2.B.1. Affordable Dwelling Unit Requirement for specific ordinances.

Manufactured Housing

TODO

Land Bank

In the CVRHP region, there are currently no existing land banks, although localities, pre-existing authorities, and non-profits are authorized by the state to establish one.

See the Land Bank Entities Act

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Additional Resources:
What are Land Banks?

What is the difference between a Land Bank and a Land Trust?

Back to Basics: Land Banks in Virginia by HousingForward VA

How to Fund Land Banks

Land Bank FAQs

Policy Brief:
Land Banks

Housing First

Charlottesville speaks to a Housing First policy in their Comprehensive Plan:

Support the best practice approach of Housing First, which places people experiencing homelessness into housing as rapidly as possible, and provides wrap around services to help them maintain their housing.

---

Charlottesville's Comprehensive Plan:
Strategy 3.2

What is Housing First?

Supportive Housing

In Charlottesville's comprehensive plan, the city commits to facilitating permanent supportive housing for individuals experiencing homelessness, particularly those with disabilities.

---

Charlottesville's Comprehensive Plan:
Strategy 3.3

Community Resources:
Premier Circle

Premier Circle, an in-progress development project with 80 units of supportive housing, is set to start construction in August 2024.

What is Supportive Housing?

Shelters

Charlottesville's comprehensive plan emphasizes the importance of ensuring sufficient emergency shelter locations and beds to accommodate community members experiencing homelessness who are seeking safe shelter.

---

Charlottesville's Comprehensive Plan:
Strategy 3.1

Community Resources:
Day Shelter:
The Haven in Charlottesville, VA
Overnight Shelters from October - April:
PACEM in Charlottesville, VA
Year Round, Over Night Shelter:

Salvation Army Shelter in Charlottesville, VA

WARM [Waynesboro Area Refuge Ministry] in Waynesboro, VA

Repairs and Weatherization

Charlottesville's strategy for home repairs focuses on supporting and preserving homeownership by assisting income-qualified owners with necessary home repairs. Pending a recommendation from the CAHF Committee, funding will be allocated specifically for Owner-Occupied Rehabilitation Assistance (OOR). Additionally, a non-profit partner will be selected through a competitive process to administer the OOR program efficiently.

---

Charlottesville's Comprehensive Plan:
Strategy 7.11

Policy Brief:
Weatherization Assistance

Community Resources:
AHIP
Habitat for Humaniy of Greater Charlottesville
Local Energy Alliance Program (LEAP)

Affordability Periods

Under Charlottesville's new zoning ordinances (effective Feb. 2024), required affordability periods have been extended from 30 years for affordable dwelling units to 99 years. This was originally a goal from the city's comprehensive plan.

---

See for Zoning Code on Afforability Periods for specific ordinances

Charlottesville's Comprehensive Plan:
Strategy 6.1
Policy Brief:
Affordability Preservation Strategy

Land Trust

Piedmont Community Land Trust is currently the region's only Land Trust shared equity model. They employ 3 different models of expanding the land trust: Existing Homes, Habitat Homes and New Construction.

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Community Resources:
Piedmont Community Land Trust

Toolkit:
Startup Community Land Trust

Policy Brief:
Community Land Trust

Anti-Displacement

On September 18, 2019 the Albemarle County Board of Supervisors passed a resolution committing the County to making all reasonable efforts to ensure that residential redevelopment and rehabilitation activities that receive County funding support or that require Board approval will minimize resident displacement or relocation to cases where no other alternative is available. To implement this policy, County staff will work with developers and property owners to avoid resident displacement, whenever possible; and when relocation is necessary, to enable displaced residents to move directly to safe, healthy, and affordable replacement housing convenient to their place of employment and/or school. Implementation guidelines for this policy are currently under development.

See RESOLUTION GENERAL ANTI-DISPLACEMENT AND TENANT RELOCATION ASSISTANCE POLICY

---

Housing Albemarle:
Objective 4 Strategy f

Toolkit:
Developing an Anti-Displacement Strategy

Aging In Place

Housing Albemarle recommends making it a priority to help the elderly to Age in Place.

---

Housing Albemarle:
Objective 11

Community Resources:
AHIP
JABA

Livable Home Tax Credit - DHCD

Additional Resources:
HUD's Aging in Place Blog Post

National Association of Home Builders 'What is Universal Design?'

Aging in Place strategies from Boston, MA; Burlington, VT; and Guilford County, NC

Rental Assistance

Housing Albemarle recommends a feasibility study for a rent rebate program for low-income seniors in Albemarle County.

---

Housing Albemarle:
Strategy 11g

County Site:
Albemarle County's Rental Assistance page
Emergency Relief Program (ACERP) through DSS

Community Resources:
Piedmont Housing Alliance - Virginia Eviction Reduction Pilot (VERP) program

Real Estate Tax Exemption

There are real estate tax exemptions in Albemarle County for elderly & disabled, veterans, surviving spouses of mebers of armed forces killed in action and surviving spouses of certain persons killed in line of duty.

See Sec. Sec. 15-708 for specific ordinances

---

County Site:
Albemarle County's Real Estate Tax Relief page

Policy Brief:
Property Tax Relief

Tax Refund

Albemarle County offers real property tax rebates to developers who reserve at least 20% of the total units in residential developments as affordable housing. The rebate is equal to 15% of the total property taxes paid each year.

See Ordinance No 23-A.2.1

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Policy Brief:
Tax Exemption

Fee Waiver

There are currently no fee waiver policies in place for affordable housing development.

---

Policy Brief:
Fee Waiver

Parking Reduction/Waiver

Housing Albemarle mentions reductions in parking minimums as possible developer incentives, as well as the need for analysis of existing parking minimums as potential barriers to affordable and workforce housing development.

See Section 4.12.2c for exisiting parking modification options (not affordable housing specific)

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Housing Albemarle:
Strategy 2c
Strategy 8b

Policy Brief:
Parking Waiver

Fast Track Review

There are currently no fast-track review policies in place for affordable housing development.

Toolkit:
Miami Housing Solutions Lab Expedited Process
San Diego 'Fast Tract Your Permit'

Policy Brief:
Fast-Track Review

Density Bonus

Up to 30 percent density increase will be granted if:

If at least one-half of the additional housing units allowed by this density bonus are developed as affordable housing units.
(one-third in Village Residential zoning districts)

See Sec. 2.4.5. Affordable housing bonus factors for specific ordinances

Policy Brief:
Density Bonus

Accessory Dwelling Units

Accessory apartments are allowed by-right throughout the county. Require written approval from Virginia Department of Health for accessory apartments constructed on lots not served by a central sewer system. Must comply with Sec 5.1.34 of County Code.

There are references in Housing Albemarle to the possible development of an Accessory Apartement Loan Program as an affordable housing solution for County teachers and workforce housing.

See Sec. 5.1.34 for specific ordinances.

---

Housing Albemarle:
Strategy 2c

Additional Resources:
Virginia Housing Commission Accessory Dwelling Units - Introductory Brief

ADU Aid Programs Across the Country (Case Studies)

Policy Brief:
What are Accessory Dwelling Units

Infill

Apartments and townhouses allowed by right in Downtown Crozet District (DCD).

Duplexes, triplexes and quadraplexes and multifamily apartments are permitted by-right in R-6, R-10, R-15, PUD-R and PRD districts.

Side by Side duplexes are permitted by right in Rural Areas, Village Residential, Monticello Historic District and R-4 districts.

Housing Albemarle references incentivizing "a variety of housing types (such as bungalow courts, triplexes and fourplexes, accessory dwelling units, live/work units, tiny homes, modular homes, and apartment buildings)" to promote increased density.

See Albemarle's Permitted Use Chart for an overview of the zoning ordinances.

---

Housing Albemarle:
Strategy 1a

Additional Resources:
What is Infill?

Gentle Infill by Lincoln Institute of Land Policy provides policy strategies and case studies.

Missing Middle Housing by Opticos contains information on different housing types with ideal specifications and case studies.

A note on PUDs: Planned Unit Developments (PUDs) are commonly regarded as zoning overlays that offer flexibility in standards to stimulate development in specific municipal areas. While PUDs typically allow for mixed-use developments, higher-density housing, and efficient land use, this consideration of infill policy primarily centers on higher-density housing types such as attached dwellings (townhomes), duplexes, triplexes, multifamily units, and bungalow courts.

Short-Term Rentals

AKA Homestays

Short-Term Rentals (Homestays) are by-right as an accessory use to a detached single-family dwelling. There are owner occupancy requirements for short-term rentals in Albemarle, and they are permitted only in zones where residential detached single-family dwellings are permitted.

See Sec. 5.1.48 - Homestays for specific ordinances.

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Toolkit:
Short-Term Rental Regulations: A Guide for Local Government by National League of Cities

Policy Brief:
Regulating Short-Term Rentals

Affordable Dwelling Units

Albemarle County does not have an Affordable Dwelling Unit Ordinance.
The County is authorized to adopt such an ordinance under Va Code Section 15.2-2304

Manufactured Housing

TODO

Land Bank

In the CVRHP region, there are currently no existing land banks, although localities, pre-existing authorities, and non-profits are authorized by the state to establish one.

See the Land Bank Entities Act

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Additional Resources:
What are Land Banks?

What is the difference between a Land Bank and a Land Trust?

Back to Basics: Land Banks in Virginia by HousingForward VA

How to Fund Land Banks

Land Bank FAQs

Policy Brief:
Land Banks

Housing First

A Housing First policy is supported in Housing Albemarle:

"Incentiviz[ing] and prioritiz[ing] applications for homeless and housing services funding from Albemarle County that utilize a Housing First approach."

Housing Albemarle:
Strategy 10b

What is Housing First?

Supportive Housing

In Housing Albemarle, there are recommendations for "expanding the permanent housing opportunities for chronically homesless individuals."

Housing Albemarle:
Strategy 10a

Community Resources:
Premier Circle

Premier Circle, an in-progress development project with 80 units of supportive housing, is set to start construction in August 2024.

What is Supportive Housing?

Shelters

Housing Albemarle recommends "expanding local emergency shelter capacity by 10 units/beds"

There are no local shelters in Albemarle.
There are additional shelter resources in surrounding localities.

Community Resources:
Day Shelter:
The Haven in Charlottesville, VA
Overnight Shelters from October - April:
PACEM in Charlottesville, VA
Year Round, Over Night Shelter:
Salvation Army Shelter in Charlottesville, VA

WARM [Waynesboro Area Refuge Ministry] in Waynesboro, VA

Repairs and Weatherization

The county partners with AHIP, who provide repair and weatherization loans and services.

See ORDINANCE NO. 23-A.2(1), Sec. A.2-201 Purpose.

Community Resources:
AHIP

AHIP provides emergency repair services, rehab services and energy efficiency upgrades.

Habitat for Humaniy of Greater Charlottesville
Local Energy Alliance Program (LEAP)

Policy Brief:
Weatherization Assistance

Affordability Periods

Beginning March 1, 2024, the affordability periods for affordable housing approved through rezonings have increased to 30 years for affordable rental units, and 40 years for affordable units for sale.

Affordability periods are 10 years for Affordable Dwelling Unit rentals created by denisty bonuses.

See Sec. 2.4.5 - Affordable housing bonus factors.

Deed Restrictions

There are no deed restricted homeownership policies codified. Housing Albemarle does reference the potential to utilize this mechanism in Strategies 2e and 3e

Housing Albemarle:
Strategy 5a

Policy Brief:
Affordability Preservation Strategy

Deed Restricted-Homeownership

Land Trust

Housing Albemarle recommends supporting long-term affordability under a CLT model. Does recommend creating a new CLT.

Currently, Piedmont Community Land Trust is the region's only Land Trust shared equity model. They employ 3 different models of expanding the land trust: Existing Homes, Habitat Homes and New Construction.

Community Resources:
Piedmont Community Land Trust

Housing Albemarle:
Strategy 3c

Toolkit:
Startup Community Land Trust

Policy Brief:
Community Land Trust

Anti-Displacement

There is currently no policy in place for Anti-Displacement.

---

Toolkit:
Developing an Anti-Displacement Strategy

Aging In Place

There is a section regarding planning for an aging population in Fluvanna's 2015 Comprehensive Plan. Mobility was cited as a concern for aging residents and while Fluvanna intends to remain rural and car dependent, they mentioned wanting to create solutions for the aging population. Housing that meets the needs of seniors both in design and affordability is also priority (p. 132).

---

Fluvanna's Comprehensive Plan:
Planning for an Aging Population

Community Resources:
Fluvanna Louisa Housing Foundation
JABA

Livable Home Tax Credit - DHCD

Additional Resources:
HUD's Aging in Place Blog Post

National Association of Home Builders 'What is Universal Design?'

Aging in Place strategies from Boston, MA; Burlington, VT; and Guilford County, NC

Rental Assistance

There are currently no policies or resources in place at the county for rental assistance.

Community resources may be able to provide some relief.

---

Community Resources:
MAACA
Piedmont Housing Alliance - Virginia Eviction Reduction Pilot (VERP) program

Real Estate Tax Exemption

There are policies in place to provide real property tax relief to the elderly, persons with a disability, veterans and surviving spouses of certain members of armed forces killed in action.

See Article 3 and 3.1 for specific ordinances

County Site:
Fluvanna County's Real Estate Tax Relief page

Policy Brief:
Property Tax Relief

Property Tax Reduction

There are currently no property tax reduction policies in place for affordable housing development.

Policy Brief:
Tax Exemption

Fee Waiver

There are currently no fee waiver policies specifically for affordable housing development.
The Board of Supervisors has sole authority to waive any fees. Historically, this has occured in rare circumstances.

See Sec. 21-3-33. and Sec. 21-2-87. for specific ordinances.

---

Policy Brief:
Fee Waiver

Parking Reduction/Waiver

The Fluvanna County Code allows for parking reductions subject to approval by the Zoning Administrator, but none are specific to affordable housing development.

Current policies are more relevant to transit oriented development, desginated growth areas per the Comprehensive Plan, and planting of trees and shrubs subject to requirements in Article 24 of the County Code.

See Sec. 22-26-8.(D) for specific ordinances.

---

Policy Brief:
Parking Waiver

Fast Track Review

There are currently no fast-track review policies in place for affordable housing development.

Toolkit:
Miami Housing Solutions Lab Expedited Process
San Diego 'Fast Tract Your Permit'

Policy Brief:
Fast-Track Review

Density Bonus

Fluvanna has 2 types of density bonuses codified in their PUD districts:

Affordable Housing Bonus
If between ten percent and 15 percent of the total number of dwelling units within a PUD are reserved for affordable housing, then a 20 percent increase in density may be permitted.
If more than 15 percent of the total number of dwelling units within a PUD are reserved for affordable housing, then a 30 percent increase in density may be permitted.

Affordable Housing + Open Space.

See Sec. 22-14-8.(3) Density for specific ordinances

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Policy Brief:
Density Bonus

Accessory Dwelling Units

AKA Accessory Use

By Right in Agricultural and Residential Zones

See Sec. 22-22-1. Rules of construction; definitions for specific ordinances

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Additional Resources:
Virginia Housing Commission Accessory Dwelling Units - Introductory Brief

ADU Aid Programs Across the Country (Case Studies)

Policy Brief:
What are Accessory Dwelling Units

Infill

Two-person dwellings are allowed by right in all residential and agricultural zoning districts.
Multifamily developments and townnhomes are allowed by right in R-2, R-3, R-4 and PUD districts.

See Uses permitted by-right in each district for specific ordinances.

---

Additional Resources:
What is Infill?

Gentle Infill by Lincoln Institute of Land Policy provides policy strategies and case studies.

Missing Middle Housing by Opticos contains information on different housing types with ideal specifications and case studies.

A note on PUDs: Planned Unit Developments (PUDs) are commonly regarded as zoning overlays that offer flexibility in standards to stimulate development in specific municipal areas. While PUDs typically allow for mixed-use developments, higher-density housing, and efficient land use, this consideration of infill policy primarily centers on higher-density housing types such as attached dwellings (townhomes), duplexes, triplexes, multifamily units, and bungalow courts.

Short-Term Rentals

There are currently no restrictions on short-term rentals.

---

Toolkit:
Short-Term Rental Regulations: A Guide for Local Government by National League of Cities

Policy Brief:
Regulating Short-Term Rentals

Affordable Dwelling Units

Fluvanna County does not have an Affordable Dwelling Unit ordinance.

Manufactured Housing

TODO

Land Bank

In the CVRHP region, there are currently no existing land banks, although localities, pre-existing authorities, and non-profits are authorized by the state to establish one.

See the Land Bank Entities Act

---

Additional Resources:
What are Land Banks?

What is the difference between a Land Bank and a Land Trust?

Back to Basics: Land Banks in Virginia by HousingForward VA

How to Fund Land Banks

Land Bank FAQs

Policy Brief:
Land Banks

Housing First

There are no Housing First policies currently in place.

---

What is Housing First?

Supportive Housing

There are no Supportive Housing facilities in Fluvanna County.

---

What is Supportive Housing?

Shelters

There are no local shelters in Fluvanna.
There are shelter resources in surrounding localities.

---

Community Resources:
Day Shelter:
The Haven in Charlottesville, VA
Overnight Shelters from October - April:
PACEM in Charlottesville, VA
Year Round, Over Night Shelter:
Salvation Army Shelter in Charlottesville, VA

WARM [Waynesboro Area Refuge Ministry] in Waynesboro, VA

Repairs and Weatherization

There are no active county policies in place for repairs or weatherization. The Fluvanna Comprehensive Plan (2015) does mention that: "Emergency repairs are another need for the county’s existing housing."

---

Fluvanna's Comprehensive Plan
Housing and Homelessness

Community Resources:
Fluvanna Louisa Housing Foundation

Affordability Periods

There are no policies currently in place enforcing affordability periods.

---

Policy Brief:
Affordability Preservation Strategy

Land Trust

Piedmont Community Land Trust is currently the region's only Land Trust shared equity model. They employ 3 different models of expanding the land trust: Existing Homes, Habitat Homes and New Construction.

---

Community Resources:
Piedmont Community Land Trust

Toolkit:
Startup Community Land Trust

Policy Brief:
Community Land Trust

Anti-Displacement

Nelson's comprhensive plan makes mention of "protecting the existing housing stock for long-term residents", but there are no specific mentions of anti-displacement strategies.

Short-term rentals have been cited by the community as a concern for resident displacement.

Nelson's Comprehensive Plan:
Creating Livable Communities: The Big Ideas

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Toolkit:
Developing an Anti-Displacement Strategy

Aging in Place

Nelson's largest age demographic is 55 and older, and aging in place is a dedicated part of their comprehensive plan. Connection to existing resources and a push to develop more senior housing is the stated strategy. Lovingston has been sited as the most appropriate location to develop senior housing.

Nelson's Comprehensive Plan:
Aging in Place and Senior Housing

Community Resources:
Here to Stay
Nelson County Community Development Fund (NCCDF)
JABA

Livable Home Tax Credit - DHCD

Additional Resources:
HUD's Aging in Place Blog Post

National Association of Home Builders 'What is Universal Design?'

Aging in Place strategies from Boston, MA; Burlington, VT; and Guilford County, NC

Rental Assistance

There are currently no policies or resources in place at the county for rental assistance.

Community resources may be able to provide some relief.

Community Resources:
MAACA
Unity in Community (UIC)

Real Estate Tax Relief

There are policies in place for the elderly, individuals with disability as well as veterans and surviving spouses

See Sec. 11-41. and Sec. 11-68 for specific ordinances.

Policy Brief:
Property Tax Relief

Property Tax Reduction

There are currently no property tax reduction policies in place for affordable housing development.

Policy Brief:
Tax Exemption

Fee Waiver

There are currently no fee waiver policies in place for affordable housing development.

Policy Brief:
Fee Waiver

Parking Reduction / Waiver

There are currently no parking reduction or waiver policies in place for affordable housing development.

See Appendix A - Zoning, Article 2 for off-street parking defintions. Requirements are listed under the definitions section for each zone.

Policy Brief:
Parking Waiver

Fast-Track Review

There are currently no fast-track review policies in place for affordable housing development.

Toolkit:
Miami Housing Solutions Lab Expedited Process
San Diego 'Fast Tract Your Permit'

Policy Brief:
Fast-Track Review

Density Bonus

There are currently no density bonuses codified.

Nelson's comprehensive plan includes the possibility of density bonus incentives in their strategies to support livable communities (Strategy 14, Nelson 2042).

Nelson's Comprehensive Plan:
How We Move Forward| Goal & Strategies

Accessory Dwelling Units

Currently all dwellings are treated the same - if it meets statewide building code, multiple dwellings can be approved on a single lot at a density of 1 dwelling per 2 acres.

There are multiple references to Accessory Dwelling Units in Nelson's comprehensive plan, including in Strategy 2.

"Clarifying the definition of accessory dwelling units and allowing them in agricultural and residential districts would fill in a gap that is not specifically addressed in the Zoning Ordinance."

---

Nelson's Comprehensive Plan:
Zoning Ordinance and Policies

Additional Resources:
Virginia Housing Commission Accessory Dwelling Units - Introductory Brief

ADU Aid Programs Across the Country (Case Studies)

Policy Brief:
What are Accessory Dwelling Units

Infill

Dwelling, single family attached - *RPC-SR Dwelling, two family detached - A-1, R-1, R-2, SE-1, RPC-SR Dwelling, Multifamily apartment, R-2, *RPC-MR

*Residential Planned Community District (RPC) - Nelson has only one; Wintergreen.
The County zoning office does not regulate land use in the Wintergreen development. The Master Plan was approved by the Board in the 70s and regulation was turned over to the POA.

Additional Resources:
What is Infill?

Gentle Infill by Lincoln Institute of Land Policy provides policy strategies and case studies.

Missing Middle Housing by Opticos contains information on different housing types with ideal specifications and case studies.

A note on PUDs: Planned Unit Developments (PUDs) are commonly regarded as zoning overlays that offer flexibility in standards to stimulate development in specific municipal areas. While PUDs typically allow for mixed-use developments, higher-density housing, and efficient land use, this consideration of infill policy primarily centers on higher-density housing types such as attached dwellings (townhomes), duplexes, triplexes, multifamily units, and bungalow courts.

Short-Term Rental

Short term rental of a dwelling currently permitted by-right in A-1 District without restriction. When properties are split zoned R-1/A-1, if the majority is A-1 it is permitted.

Wintergreen Resort* is located in Nelson County, which makes the conversation about short-term rentals particualrly relevant. The comprehensive plan calls for regulations and a maintained inventory of rentals for tracking purposes (Strategy 1, Nelson 2042).

*The County zoning office does not regulate land use in the Wintergreen development.

---

Nelson's Comprehensive Plan:
How We Move Forward| Goal & Strategies

County Site:
Short-Term Rentals

Toolkit:
Short-Term Rental Regulations: A Guide for Local Government by National League of Cities

Policy Brief:
Regulating Short-Term Rentals

Affordable Dwelling Units

There are currently no codified requirements for affordable dwelling units in new developments.

There is a mention of creating ordinances that include multiple housing types, including affordable (Strategy 4, Nelson 2042).

Nelson's Comprehensive Plan:
How We Move Forward| Goal & Strategies

Manufactured Housing

By-right only in A-1. Two or more on a single lot requires a special use permit for a manufactured home park.

Land Bank

In the CVRHP region, there are currently no existing land banks, although localities, pre-existing authorities, and non-profits are authorized by the state to establish one.

See the Land Bank Entities Act

---

Additional Resources:
What are Land Banks?

What is the difference between a Land Bank and a Land Trust?

Back to Basics: Land Banks in Virginia by HousingForward VA

How to Fund Land Banks

Land Bank FAQs

Policy Brief:
Land Banks

Supportive Housing

There are no Supportive Housing facilities in Nelson County.

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What is Supportive Housing?

Shelters

Nelson's comprehensive plan expresses that shelters for the unhoused population in Nelson are of great importance to the county.
There is a recommendation to ensure that non-profit partners like MACAA-Nelson and NCCDF are adequately funded in order to support the permanent housing of these citizens.

There are no local shelters in Nelson.
There are additional shelter resources in surrounding localities.

Nelson's Comprehensive Plan:
Unhoused Populations

Community Resources:
Day Shelter:
The Haven in Charlottesville, VA
Overnight Shelters from October - April:
PACEM in Charlottesville, VA
Year Round, Over Night Shelter:
Salvation Army Shelter in Charlottesville, VA

WARM [Waynesboro Area Refuge Ministry] in Waynesboro, VA

Repairs and Weatherization

"Roughly 60% of the County’s housing stock is 30 years old or older. While older units are an asset when wellmaintained, they require upkeep and can present challenges related to weatherization, energy efficiency, accessibility, and building system repairs."

Nelson's Comprehensive Plan:
Housing Quality & Maintenance

Policy Brief:
Weatherization Assistance
Community Resources:
Nelson County Community Development Foundation

Affordability Periods

There are no policies currently in place enforcing affordability periods.

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Policy Brief:
Affordability Preservation Strategy

Land Trust

Nelson 2042 references explring the possibility of a Community Land Trust as one of their strategies for expanding housing opportunities (Strategy 8).

Piedmont Community Land Trust is currently the region's only Land Trust shared equity model. They employ 3 different models of expanding the land trust: Existing Homes, Habitat Homes and New Construction.

Nelson's Comprehensive Plan:
How We Move Forward| Goal & Strategies

Community Resources:
Piedmont Community Land Trust

Toolkit:
Startup Community Land Trust

Policy Brief:
Community Land Trust

Anti-Displacement

Greene County references developing and implementing an Anti-Displacement and Tenant Relocation policy in their Comprehensive Plan.

Greene's Comprehensive Plan:
Affordable Rental Recommendations

Toolkit:
Developing an Anti-Displacement Strategy

Aging in Place

In Greene County, "those ages 65 and older are expected to grow by 30% compared to 15% of the total population" by 2030. With this rapidly increasing senior population the county states a need to update new construction standards to Universal Design (i.e. no-step entrances, an open floor plan, ground-floor bedrooms, and accessible bathrooms) where appropriate.

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Greene's Comprehensive Plan:
Accessibility and Sustainability of Housing

Community Resources:

Livable Home Tax Credit - DHCD

Additional Resources:
HUD's Aging in Place Blog Post

National Association of Home Builders 'What is Universal Design?'

Aging in Place strategies from Boston, MA; Burlington, VT; and Guilford County, NC

Rental Assistance

There are currently no policies or resources in place at the county for rental assistance.

However, financial assistance may be available in specific instances of hardship.

Community Resources:
Greene County Financial Assistance
Piedmont Housing Alliance - Virginia Eviction Reduction Pilot (VERP) program

Real Estate Tax Relief

"There is hereby provided for owners and occupiers of real estate in the County an exemption from taxation of such real estate or any portion thereof, which is owned by, and occupied as a sole dwelling of a person not less than 65 years or age, or determined to be permanently and totally disabled"
See Sec. 66-78. for specific ordinances

Policy Brief:
Property Tax Relief

Property Tax Reduction

There are currently no property tax reduction policies in place for affordable housing development.

Policy Brief:
Tax Exemption

Fee Waiver

Recommendations for a reduction or waiver for tap fees on projects that include affordable housing units were mentioned in Greene's comprehensive plan.

Greene's Comprehensive Plan:
Affordable Rental Recommendations

Parking Reduction/Waiver

There are currently no parking reduction or waiver policies in place for affordable housing development.

Policy Brief:
Parking Waiver

Fast Track Review

There are currently no fast-track review policies in place for affordable housing development.

Toolkit:
Miami Housing Solutions Lab Expedited Process
San Diego 'Fast Tract Your Permit'

Policy Brief:
Fast-Track Review

Density Bonus

There are currently no density bonus policies in place for affordable housing development.

Policy Brief:
Density Bonus

Accessory Dwelling Units

Allowed by-right in C-1, A-1, R-1 zones. Owner must live on site.

Greene's comprehensive plan indicates the county's interest in creating an Accessory Dwelling Unit implementation guide/toolkit to promote the mutual affordability benefits of ADUs to homeowners and renters & promote grant programs targeted to ADU creation.

See Appendix C - Zoning and 'Use regulations.' for specific ordinances in the relevant zoning districts (C-1, A-1, R-1).

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Greene's Comprehensive Plan:
Affordable Rental Recommendations

Additional Resources:
Virginia Housing Commission Accessory Dwelling Units - Introductory Brief

ADU Aid Programs Across the Country (Case Studies)

Policy Brief:
What are Accessory Dwelling Units

Infill

Two family dwellings are by-right in the R-2 zoning district.

Duplexes, multifamily dwellings and townhouses are permitted by right in PUD and Senior (SR) districts.

Greene indicated in their comprehensive plan that they are interested in encouraging infill development. This includes a recommendation for allowing mobile, manufactured, and modular homes by right in all residentially zoned districts.

See Use regulations in each district for specific ordinances

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Greene's Comprehensive Plan:
GOALS AND IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES: FUTURE LAND USE

Additional Resources:
What is Infill?

Gentle Infill by Lincoln Institute of Land Policy provides policy strategies and case studies.

Missing Middle Housing by Opticos contains information on different housing types with ideal specifications and case studies.

A note on PUDs: Planned Unit Developments (PUDs) are commonly regarded as zoning overlays that offer flexibility in standards to stimulate development in specific municipal areas. While PUDs typically allow for mixed-use developments, higher-density housing, and efficient land use, this consideration of infill policy primarily centers on higher-density housing types such as attached dwellings (townhomes), duplexes, triplexes, multifamily units, and bungalow courts.

Short-Term Rental

AKA Tourist Lodging

Allowed by right in A-1 and C-1 up to 5 rooms.
Owner occupancy not required. Only one dwelling per parcel is permitted for 'tourist lodging'.

See 16-25 Tourist lodging for specific ordinances.

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Toolkit:
Short-Term Rental Regulations: A Guide for Local Government by National League of Cities

Policy Brief:
Regulating Short-Term Rentals

Affordable Dwelling Units

Greene County currently does not have an Affordable Dwelling Unit ordinance.

Manufactured Housing

TODO

Land Bank

In the CVRHP region, there are currently no existing land banks, although localities, pre-existing authorities, and non-profits are authorized by the state to establish one.

See the Land Bank Entities Act

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Additional Resources:
What are Land Banks?

What is the difference between a Land Bank and a Land Trust?

HousingFowardVA Back to Basics: Land Banks in Virginia by HousingForward VA

How to Fund Land Banks

Land Bank FAQs

Policy Brief:
Land Banks

Housing First

There are no Housing First policies currently in place.

What is Housing First?

Supportive Housing

Greene County cites their intention to make use of programs such as Section 202 Supportive Housing funding.

Greene's Comprehensive Plan:
Unhoused Recommendations

What is Supportive Housing?

Shelters

Greene County states their intention to dedicate per capita proportional cost of local funds to the Consortium of Care emergency shelter program.

Greene's Comprehensive Plan:
Unhoused Recommendations

Community Resources:
Day Shelter:
The Haven in Charlottesville, VA
Overnight Shelters from October - April:
PACEM in Charlottesville, VA
Year Round, Over Night Shelter:
Salvation Army Shelter in Charlottesville, VA

WARM [Waynesboro Area Refuge Ministry] in Waynesboro, VA

Repairs and Weatherization

There is an emphasis on the importance of financial assistance with home repairs for the aginig community and for tenants in Greene County, primarily based on funding through Skyline CAP.

Greene's Comprehensive Plan:
AFFORDABILITY OF HOUSING

Policy Brief:
Weatherization Assistance
Community Resources:
Skyline CAP

Affordability Periods

There are no policies currently in place enforcing affordability periods.

Policy Brief:
Affordability Preservation Strategy

Land Trust

There is mention of a set-aside fund to support various affordable housing strategies such as community land trusts.

Piedmont Community Land Trust is currently the region's only Land Trust shared equity model. They employ 3 different models of expanding the land trust: Existing Homes, Habitat Homes and New Construction.

Greene's Comprehensive Plan:
Affordable Rental Recommendations

Community Resources:
Piedmont Community Land Trust

Toolkit:
Startup Community Land Trust

Policy Brief:
Community Land Trust